Door opening and closing device



BRUSH.

DOOR ()PENING AND CLOSING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23, 1919.

Patented Jan. 11, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I- F. F. BRUSH.

DOOR OPENING AND CLOSING. DEVICE.

APPLICATION mu) Juurn. 1919.

1,364,979. Patented Jan. 11,1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK F. BRUSH, 013 LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO ELEVATORSAFETY APIE'LIANCE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA.

DOOR OPENING AND CLOSING- DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 11, 1921.

Application filed June 23, 1919. Serial No. 306,229.

To all whom it may concern.

, Be it known that I, FREDERICK F. BRUSH, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and Stateof California, have invented a new and useful Door Opening and ClosingDevice, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to elevators, and more particularly to what areknown as automatic elevators, that is to say, elevators which can beused in apartment houses and the like where no skilled operator can beprovided, the elevator being operated by the users.

The object of the invention is to provide in an automatic elevator apower operated door opening and closing mechanism together with meansfor automatically controlling the same to suit the general opera; tionof the elevator. y y g v A further object of the invention is to providevarious safety features to guard against malfunctioning of the door dueto careless handling.

Further objects and advantages will be made evident hereinafter.

Referring to the drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only,

Figure 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic elevation of the apparatus employed;and,

Fig. 2 is a diagram ofconnections.

The apparatus shown in Fig. 1 consists of an elevator car 11 which israised and lowered by suitable hoist mechanism 12 which is provided withan opening 13 closed by a safety barlt. The carll passing by variousfloors 15 also passes doorways each containing an elevator door 16,these doorways registering with the opening 13 when the car is levelwith the floor 15. The doors 16 are provided with suitable locking means(not shown) and are operated through a lever arm 17 which is pivoted onthe building structure 18 and on the door at 19, being pro-v vided withan intermediate pin 20 which is so placed as to be engaged by jaws 21carried in an elevator door operating mechanism 22 which is secured onand moves with the car 11. The operating mechanism 22 is provided with amotor having an armature 23 and a field 24.

For the purpose of controlling the above apparatus I provide car buttons30 and door buttons 31, there being one car button for each floor andall of the buttons being placed together inside the car. There is also adoor button 31 for each floor, these buttons being secured to thebuilding structure close to the door which they correspond to.

I also provide floor relays 32, a selector 33, auxiliary relays 3 1 and35, main motor reversers 36 and 37, adoor mechanism reverser 38, a timelimit relay 39, a safety bar switch 10 and three relay switcheshereinafter referred to as the opening limit switch 41, the closinglimit switch 42 and the interlock 43. The floor relays 32 each consistsof an operating coil 50 and a', pair of contacts 51 which are bridged bythe relay when the coil 50 is energized. The selector 33 consists ofinterrupted segments 52 and 53 separated by a contact 5 1. Makingcontact with the segments 52 and 53 and the contact 54 is a series ofbrushes 55 which are so constructed that they are adapted to bridge thegap between the'contact 54k and the segment 52 or the segment 53 as thecase maybe, these brushes being, however, so constructed that when anyone of the brushes is centrally located with regard to the contact 54that it entirely breaks contact with the segments 52 and 53. Theselector 33 also comprises collector rings 56, 57 and 58 each engaged byits suitable brush. The auxiliary relays 34 and 35 each comprise aclosing coil '60 and contacts 61 which are closed whenever vthe coil 60is energized. The main motor reverser-s 36 and 37 comprise coils 62 andalso com prise suitable contacts for' controlling the circuit to themotor located in the hoisting means 12 so that when the reverser 36 isenergized the car is raised and when the reverser 37 is energized thecar 11 is lowered.

The door mechanism reverser comprises a closing coil 70 and an openingcoil 71,'these coils working on a central bar 72 which carries bridgingmembers 73 and 74 adapted to close the circuit between contacts 75, '76, 77, 78, 79 and 80. This reverser also comprises an auxiliary coil 81and comprises closing limit contacts 82 and opening limit contacts 83.

The time limit relay 39 comprises a coil 90 and contacts 91 and 92, thecircuit between which is open by energizing the coil 90, a dash pot 93being provided so constructed thatrthis circuit can be practicallyinstantly opened, but which will be closed very slowly due to the dashpot.

The safety bar switch 40 comprises contacts 95 and 96, the contact 95being connected to the positive side of the circuit when the bar is downand the contact 96 being connected to the positive side of the circuitwhen the bar is up. The limit switches 41,

42, and 43 form a portion of the door closing mechanism 22, being soplaced that the switch 41 is open at the end of the opening movement ofthe door, the switch 42 is open at the end of the closing movement ofthe door, and the interlock 43 is closed just before the door completesits closing movement, being opened at the start of the opening movementof the door. Located in the car is an emergency button 97.

The method of connection and operation of the above described apparatusis as follows:

The buttons 30 and 31 are all connected to a common wire 100 which inturn is connected to the contact 95 thus energizing the wire 100 at alltimes that the bar is down. The door buttons and the car buttons areconnected in pairs, the door button for any floor being connected to itscorresponding car button and the junction of the two being connected toone of the coils 50 of the floor relays 32. The other terminal of thiscoil is connected to a common wire 101 which in turn is connected to thenegative side of the circuit. As a result any one of the relays 32 canbe operated by either a door button 31 or a car button 30. Each of thecommon junction wires to the buttons 30 and 31 is also connected to oneof the contacts 51, the other contact 51 being connectedto one of thebrushes 55. The contact 54 is connected to the ring 58; the segment 53is connected to the ring 56; and the segment 52 is connected to the ring57. The selector 33 is so connected to the hoisting means 12 that thecontact 54 assumes a central position under one of the brushes 55whenever the floor of the car 11 registers with the floor 15corresponding to the brush 54.

In the event that the car is not at the floor so that the brush 55corresponding to the relay 32, which has been actuated, is in contact,for example, with the segment 53, the actuation-of the relay energizesthe segment 53 and the collector ring 56 thus energizing the coil 60 orthe auxiliary relay 34 through the emergency button 97 and through theauxiliary coil 81. It will be noted that the coil 60 and the coil 81 arethen in series with the coil 50, current flowing from the negative sideof the circuit to the wire 101 and through these coils 50, 34 and 81 inorder. This provides a holding circuit for all three of these coilswhich per sists after the button has been released by the operator. Therelay 34 in turn energizes one side of the coil 62 of the main motorreverser 36, the other side of the coil being connected through a wire103 through the interlock 43 and from thence through a wire 104 to thecontact 95.

It will be noted that in the event, therefore, that a button is pushedfor the purpose of calling the car to any floor that the car startstoward that floor thus actuating the selector 33 which turns into such aposition that the brush 55 corresponding to that floor makes contactwith the contact 54 just before it breaks contact with the segment 53.

Whenever contact is made between the contact 54 and any of the brushes55 the collector ring 58 is energized and current is thrown on theopening coil 71 of the door mechanism reverser 38 thus pulling thecontacts of that reverser to the right, the circuit through the coil 71being broken by the opening limit contacts 83 at the close of thestroke. This can occur either when thecar has reached the floor or inthe event that the operator operates the door button at the floor atwhich the car stands, the only difference being that in the event thatthe caris at the floor the reverser 38 is immediately actuated, whereasif the car has to be called to the floor the reverser 38 is not actuateduntil the selector 33 arrives at the proper position to make contactbetween the contact 54 and the proper brush 55.

As soon as the car reaches the floor to which it has been called circuitis first made between the contacts 54 and 55 as has just been explained,the circuit. between the brush 55 and the segment 53 being immediatelythereafter broken. The breaking of the circuit between the brush 55 andthe segment 53 deenergizes the collector ring 56, cutting current 011'from the auxiliary relay 34 and allowing it to drop thus opening thecircuit to the main motor reverser 36 and stopping the elevator. Thecircuit is also cut oil fromthe auxiliary coil 81 of the door mechanismreverser 38 so that upon closing the. circuit through the coil 71 thereverser is free to act as has been explained above.

The operation of the reverser 38 opens the opening limit contacts 83thus opening the circuit through the coil 71 and through the floorrelays 32, allowing the floor relay to drop and restoring the entirecircuit with the exception of the reverser 38 to its open position. Theoperation of the reverser 38 closes the circuit between the contacts 76and 77 and between the contacts 7 9 and 80. The contact 80 is connectedto the positive side of the circuit through the opening limit switch 41,the contact 79 being connected to the armature 23 which in turn isconnected to the contact 76, this contact being bridged to the contact77 which is connected to the field 24, the other side of which isconnected to the negative side of the circuit. The operation of the doormechanism reverser 38 to the right therefore starts the motor of thedooroperating mechanism22 in the proper direction to open the door, the jaws21 engaging the pin 20 and throwing the door from left to right in theposition shown in Fig. 1, opening the door to allow ingress to the car11.

The door operating mechanism, however, at the end of its opening travelopens the opening limit switch 41 thus opening the circuit to thearmature 23 and shutting down the motor. To enter the car it is nownecessary for the user to lift the safety bar 14 thus connecting thecontact 96 to the positive side of the circuit and actuating the timelimit relay 36 to open the circuit between the contacts 91 and 92. Theraising of the bar also energizes the closing coil of the reverser 38and pulling the reverser from right to left, the circuit through thecoil 70 being however opened at the end of the stroke due to the openinglimit contacts 82. The operation of the reverser 38 makes the properconnections to run the armature 23 in the opposite direc tion as will beevident from an inspection of the drawing, but due to the fact thatthere is no circuit between the contacts 91 and 92 of the time limitrelay 39, the armature does not start immediately, its motion beingprevented during the entire time that the bar 14 is raised and during anadditional time determined by the characteristics of the dash pot 93. Assoon as this dash pot 93 has allowed the relay 39 to resume its initialposition circuit is com pleted through the closing limit switch 42 andthe contacts 91 and 92, thus allowing the armature to turn in the properdirection to close the door 16. As soon as this door is closed theclosing limit switch 42 opens thus opening the circuit through thearmature 23 and stopping the door closing mechanism.

The operator now selects the floor to which he desires to go by pushingthe proper car button 30. This car button of course corresponds to abrush 55 which is on the contact 54 and the car behaves exactly as itwould if someone had called the car by means of the door button, as hasbeen explained, the car moving to the proper floor and the door openingas has been previously explained. If the user now raises the safety barand leaves the car the door will close as has been explained.

In the event that the operator on entering the car pushes the buttoncorresponding to the floor at which the car is then located he energizesthe reverse-r 38 and opens the door through the contact 54. Thisoperation is for use when, having entered the car and closed the door,the operator should desire to get off again at the same floor. Theauxiliary coil 81 has, however, an additional function which is this,that in the event that the door is left open for any reason and it isdesired to call the car nvay from that floor, upon pushing the doorbutton corresponding to the other floor, the coil 81 is energizedthrough the auxiliary relays 34 and 35 and the floor relay 32, thuspulling the door mechanism reverser 38 into the closing position as theinitial movement of the sequence. The door will therefore close beforethe car leaves the floor. Similarly, in case the operator arriving at afloor and the door being opened, desires to go to another floor withoutleaving the car, the functioning of any other floor button wouldenergize the coil 81 so as to cause the door to close and follow withthe proper sequences.

I claim as my invention 1. In an elevator, a car moving in a hatchway, adoor closing a doorway into said hatchway, power actuated mechanism foropening and closing said door, a safety bar closing an opening into saidcar, said opening registering with said doorway, means for actuatingsaid mechanism to open said door whenever said opening comes intoregistering relationship with said doorway, 9

and means by which the actuation of said safety bar closes said door.

2. In an elevator, a car moving in a hatchway, a door closing a doorwayinto. said hatchway, power actuated mechanism for opening and closingsaid door, a safety bar closing an opening into said car, said openingregistering with said doorway, means for actuating said mechanism toopen said door whenever said opening comes into registering relationshipwith said doorway, andmeans by which the raising and lowering of saidsafety bar closes said door.

3; In an elevator, a car moving in a hatchway, a door closing a doorwayinto said hatchway, power actuated mechanism for opening and closingsaid door, a safety bar closing an opening into said car, said openingregistering with said doorway, means for actuating said mechanism toopen said door whenever said opening comes into registering relationshipwith said doorway, control mechanism for causing said mechanism to closesaid door, means by which the raising of said safety bar sets saidcontrol mechanism, and means by which the lowering of said safety baractuates said control mechanism.

4. In an elevator, a car moving in a hatchway, a door closing a doorwayinto said hatchway, power actuated mechanism for opening and closingsaid door, a safety bar closing an opening into said car, said openingregistering with said doorway, means for actuating said mechanism toopen said door whenever said opening comes into registering relationshipwith said doorway, control mechanism for causing said mecha nism toclose said door, means by which the raising of said safety bar sets saidcontrol mechanism, and means by which the lowering oi said safety baractuates said control mechanism, said last named means including a timeelement device setto delay the closing of the door for a certain timeinterval after said bar is lowered.-

5. In an elevator having a car moving in a hatchway, a door closing adoorway into said hatchway, power actuated door operating mechanism, aselector actuated in synchronism with said car, and contacts on saldselector adapted to connect said door operating mechanism to either openor close said door depending on the position of said car.

6. In an elevator having a car moving in a hatchway, a door closing adoorway into said hatchway, power actuated door operating mechanism, aselector actuated in synchronism with said car, a plurality of wiresleading to said selector each wire corre sponding to a floor served bysaid elevator, means on said selector by which a current in one of saidwires actuates said door operating mechanism to open said door, andmeans on said selector by which a current in any other said wire willclose said door.

In testimon whereof I have hereunto set my hand at os Angeles,California, this 17th day of June 1919. v

resonator; r. BRUSH.

